The use of chemical and statistical methods to identify sources of selected elements in ambient air aerosols in Karachi, Pakistan
作者： P.P. Parekh , Badar Ghauri , Zikrur Rehman Siddiqi , Liaquat Husain
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(67)90073-X
关键词:
摘要: Abstract Concentrations of 23 elements plus NO 3 − , SO 4 2− and Cl were determined for samples collected continuously every or 6 h during 22–27 July, 1985 at a suburban site in Karachi, Pakistan. lithophilic several anthropogenic ~ 80 % higher daytime than night. These elevated levels attributed to increases wind velocity activity. Factor analysis showed that 50% the variance was associated with soil, 14 each oceanic Na Sb Pb, Zn, Se . A cement (limestone/dolomite) factor not separated even though Ca Mg concentrations unusually high factory located nearby. This led an investigation chemical approach determine sources. Na, water-extracts samples. Assuming soluble (~ 92 total) be sea derived, marine components Mg, Br determined. Solubility considerations then used reveal source apportion aerosol On average, approximately 48 total mass could accounted by ‘cement’ ‘soil’ components; about 12 ‘sea salt’, 3% ‘fossil fuel’ (as (NH ) 2 ); 1 NH remaining 36 unassigned.
harvard.edu
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(23)
Brian Harold Mason, Principles of geochemistry ,(1958)
Daniel J. Alpert, Philip K. Hopke, A quantitative determination of sources in the Boston urban aerosol Atmospheric Environment (1967). ,vol. 14, pp. 1137- 1146 ,(1980) , 10.1016/0004-6981(80)90178-X
Thomas G. Dzubay, CHEMICAL ELEMENT BALANCE METHOD APPLIED TO DICHOTOMOUS SAMPLER DATA Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. ,vol. 338, pp. 126- 144 ,(1980) , 10.1111/J.1749-6632.1980.TB17117.X
Thomas G. Dzubay, Robert K. Stevens, W.David Balfour, Hugh J. Williamson, John A. Cooper, John E. Core, Richard T. De Cesar, E.Russell Crutcher, Stuart L. Dattner, Briant L. Davis, Steve L. Heisler, Jitendra J. Shah, Philip K. Hopke, David L. Johnson, Interlaboratory comparison of Receptor Model results for Houston aerosol Atmospheric Environment. ,vol. 18, pp. 1555- 1566 ,(1984) , 10.1016/0004-6981(84)90378-0
F.J. Flanagan, 1972 values for international geochemical reference samples Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. ,vol. 37, pp. 1189- 1200 ,(1973) , 10.1016/0016-7037(73)90055-0
Sheldon K. Friedlander, Chemical element balances and identification of air pollution sources. Environmental Science & Technology. ,vol. 7, pp. 235- 240 ,(1973) , 10.1021/ES60075A005
Glen E. Gordon, William R. Pierson, Joan M. Daisey, Paul J. Lioy, John A. Cooper, John G. Watson, Glen R. Cass, Considerations for design of source apportionment studies Atmospheric Environment. ,vol. 18, pp. 1567- 1582 ,(1984) , 10.1016/0004-6981(84)90379-2
Yoshikazu Hashimoto, Jae Y. Hwang, Saburo Yanagisawa, Communications. Possible source of atmospheric pollution of selenium Environmental Science & Technology. ,vol. 4, pp. 157- 158 ,(1970) , 10.1021/ES60037A002
Ronald C. Henry, Charles W. Lewis, Philip K. Hopke, Hugh J. Williamson, Review of receptor model fundamentals Atmospheric Environment. ,vol. 18, pp. 1507- 1515 ,(1984) , 10.1016/0004-6981(84)90375-5
Philip K. Hopke, Ernest S. Gladney, Glen E. Gordon, William H. Zoller, Alun G. Jones, The use of multivariate analysis to identify sources of selected elements in the Boston urban aerosol. Atmospheric Environment. ,vol. 10, pp. 1015- 1025 ,(1976) , 10.1016/0004-6981(76)90211-0