Recent developments in mucosal immunomodulatory adjuvants.

摘要: A large proportion of pathogens either invade through, or cause disease at mucosal surfaces. Many new generation vaccine candidates lack important immunostimulatory features the original and thus often do not elicit sufficiently strong immune responses. Despite numerous efforts, there is a profound available agents with immunomodulatory adjuvant activity. Immunomodulatory adjuvants are derived from efficiently activate innate system leading to subsequent development strong, specific acquired immunity. In this review, recent advances in immunomodulators/adjuvants described special emphasis on recently developed detoxified cholera toxin Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin derivatives, newly Toll-like receptor ligands CpG DNA imidazoquinoline compounds. These hold much promise as useful for induction response also immunity against pathogens.