Polymerized Complex Route to Barium Titanate Powders Using Barium-Titanium Mixed-Metal Citric Acid Complex

摘要: Barium titanate (BaTiO{sub 3}) powders were prepared by a polymerized complex method based on the Pechini-type reaction route, wherein mixed solution of citric acid (CA), ethylene glycol (EG), and barium titanium ions, with molar ratio CA:EG:Ba:Ti = 10:40:1:1, was to form transparent resin, which used as precursor for BaTiO{sub 3}. Characterization initial EG, CA, ions Raman scattering {sup 13}C-NMR spectroscopy indicated that simultaneously stabilized CA barium-titanium mixed-metal stoichiometry similar Ba:Ti:CA 1:1:3. spectra liquid mixture at various stages fundamental coordination structure remained almost unchanged throughout polymerization process. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) measurements formation pseudo-cubic 3} free from BaCo, TiO{sub 2} when polymeric heat-treated in air 500 C 8 h or 600 2 h. However, same tetragonal (rather than cubic) 3}, traces high-temperature hexagonal anmore » intermediate phase, Ba{sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 5}{center_dot}CO{sub A solid-state between BaCO{sub concluded not being responsible formation; rather, formed directly thermal decomposition phase temperatures >500 C. In addition, measurements, found be unstable ambient air, yielding one decomposed products.« less