Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Restenosis

摘要: Recurrent lumen narrowing has been a significant limitation of open and percutaneous methods arterial reconstruction from their inception. The term restenosis, used in the 1950s reference to recurrent heart valvular stenosis, was later adopted define after such as carotid endarterectomy (1,2). With development peripheral angioplasty by Dotter 1960s (3) then approaches renal, coronary, iliac arteries Gruentzig colleagues (4)–(7) problem restenosis grew exponentially. Now millions procedures reconstruct occlusive vascular lesions are performed worldwide each year (8)–(10). In contrast many hurdles overcome pioneers revascularization, remains major virtually every form (Table 1) (2),(10)–(23). morbidity largely repeat interventions, generated health care burden presently measured billions dollars (8).