Coevolution of hosts and parasites.

摘要: The coevolution of parasites and their hosts has both general biological interest practical implications in agricultural, veterinary medical fields. Surprisingly, most medical, parasitological ecological texts dismiss the subject with unsupported statements to effect that ‘successful’ parasite species evolve be harmless hosts. Recently, however, several people have explored theoretical aspects population genetics host-parasite associations; these authors conclude such associations may responsible for much genetic diversity found within natural populations, from blood group polymorphisms (Haldane, 1949) protein (Clarke, 1975, 1976) histocompatibility systems (Duncan, Wakeland & Klein, 1980). It also been argued pathogens constitute selective force evolution maintenance sexual reproduction animal plant (Jaenike, 1978; Hamilton, 1980, 1981, 1982; Bremermann,