Politics and power : government intervention in the Muda irrigation scheme, Malaysia

摘要: This research examines the intended and unintended outcomes of government intervention policies in Muda irrigation scheme, Malaysia. It focuses on process by which farmers staff manipulate these to secure their individual collective needs. is manifested informal actions actors when contrasted with formal rules regulations system governance management. explored through detailed analysis one particular policy - tertiary intervention. argued that because management concepts models fail address nature relationship between governments, agencies irrigators they are unable incorporate objectives all process. To facilitate such an integration, theoretical focus explores appropriateness actor-oriented a coercive/cooperative framework. Such approach recognises power, knowledge agency engaged at macro, meso micro spatial scales. The design incorporates both quantitative qualitative methods within context case-study research. use combination enables express causality generalisations addition depth meaning. These utilised logic triangulation, including; data, investigator methodological triangulation. findings presented this thesis indicate not facilitating water saving, or productivity increase, expectations federal MADA. Instead, has increased capacity for diversify into other sectors economy whilst still retaining access rice farming culture. illustrative mis-match implementors recipients. situation emerged powerful position vis-a-vis MADA government. In particular, national political arena, influences local level options available By contrast, 'powerless' enforce restrict unofficial farmers. significantly diverge from concludes valuable if its performance improvements livelihoods as opposed yields. However, saving potential can only be realised cooperative framework applied whereby active decision-makers rather than consultative partners.