Immune-Modulating Effects of Conventional Therapies in Colorectal Cancer.

摘要: Biological heterogeneity and low inherent immunogenicity are two features that greatly impact therapeutic management outcome in colorectal cancer. Despite high local control rates, systemic tumor dissemination remains the main cause of treatment failure stresses need for new developments combined-modality approaches. While role adaptive immune responses a small subgroup tumors with is indisputable, challenge identifying optimal synergy between conventional modalities therapy majority less immunogenic cases. In this context, cytotoxic agents such as radiation certain chemotherapeutics can be utilized to enhance an otherwise immunologically silent disease enable responsiveness therapy. review, we explore immunological characteristics cancer, effects standard-of-care treatments have on system, opportunities arising from combining checkpoint-blocking immune-modulating treatments.