Particle Accelerator Design

摘要: The earliest radiation sources known to humans were provided by gas-filled x-ray tubes. A dramatic increase in the photon energy was made possible 1943 with development of a new accelerator as betatron. Betatrons deliver X rays such properties skin sparing, greater depth dose, and less side scatter than those generated X-ray tubes radioisotope sources. main disadvantage betatron is relatively low intensity beam well small treatment field area. limitation betatrons capability RF linear accelerators provide high dose rate have contributed rise their dominant role among world's radiotherapy machines. In radiobiological studies, charged particle advantages over other ionizing for medical cancer: considerably higher energies can be achieved, easily controlled accelerated constitute an additional parameter some experiments, variety mass numbers bombarding ions provides options, beams currents eliminate risks chemical contamination. Electrical acceleration particles basis accelerators. These range from electrons ions. Applications various biomedical applications corresponding typical ranges are provided.