A new species of Parastenocaris from Korea, with a redescription of the closely related P. biwae from Japan (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenocarididae)

摘要: Parastenocaris koreana sp. nov. is described based on examination of numerous adult specimens both sexes from several localities in Korea. Scanning electron micrographs are used to examine intra- and interpopulation variability micro-characters, addition light microscopy. The new species most closely related the Japanese P. biwae Miura, 1969, which we redescribe newly collected material Lake Biwa drainage area. two differ size, relative length caudal rami, shape anal operculum, genital double somite, inner distal process female fifth leg, as well apical setae second, third, fourth legs exopods sexes. Detailed examinations three disjunct populations reveal also some geographical variation, especially surface ornamentation somites, may indicate population structuring or even cryptic speciation. Lack intraspecific number position sensilla their potential phylogenetic significance, a novel discovery. Both examined here belong brevipes group, redefine include 20 India (including Sri Lanka), Australia, East Asia, Northern Europe, North America. A key this group provided. In order test monophyly redefined with highly distribution, relationship between different species, cladistics analysis performed 39 morphological characters help outgroup taxa. Six equally parsimonious cladograms generated, all show that ingroup defined by at least synapomorphies. Reconstructed phylogeny questions previously suggested hypothesis about origin South one Australian showing basal position. We speculate present distribution be combination ancient vicariance subsequent dispersal, possible Gondwanaland, rift valley Australia India.