Spatial scale and evolutionary history determine the degree of taxonomic homogenization across island bird assemblages

摘要: It is widely documented that human activities have elevated the extirpation of natural populations as well successful introduction to new areas non-native species. These dual processes and can change similarity communities, but direction magnitude these changes take are likely depend on manner in which introductions extirpations occur, spatial scale at measured, initial communities before human-induced drivers occurred. Here, we explore patterns their influence global oceanic island bird assemblages from four different Oceans (Atlantic, Caribbean, Indian, Pacific). We show historical produced varying trends compositional both between islands within archipelagos across same ocean. Patterns assemblage convergence (i.e. taxonomic homogenization) or divergence differentiation) among depended examination, evolutionary associations species region, cultural history colonization. factors all be leading a series multiple interacting shaping complex observed faunas over time.