History and evolution of antibiotic resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci: Susceptibility profiles of new anti-staphylococcal agents

摘要: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are a heterogenous group of Gram-positive cocci that widespread commensals among mammalia. Unlike their coagulase-positive counterpart, Staphylococcus aureus, CNS produce few virulence patterns and normally refrain from invading tissue. Yet, not only can cause infections in normal host tissue, but modern medicine has also seen rise as opportunists display adherence to medical device materials protective biofilm. have historically been more resistant antimicrobials, including the beta-lactam antibiotics, than S. aureus some hospitals reveal rates oxacillin resistance approaching 90%. Cross non-beta-lactam agents recurrent theme over past 40 years CNS. Thus, there pressing need for newer antimicrobial with good antistaphylococcal activity. Those new tend excellent activity include daptomycin, linezolid, oritavancin, telavancin, tigecycline, dalbavancin, quinolones, ceftibiprole, several which unique mechanisms action. The MIC₉₀ these compounds typically ranges 0.5-4 mug/mL. Staphylococcal biofilm formation is quite common markedly increases MIC most older antimicrobials. Several offer promise penetration inhibit or kill adherent staphylococci. will likely remain major age, evolve further mechanisms, require development antimicrobials curative therapy.