Evolutionary pattern in the OXT-OXTR system in primates: coevolution and positive selection footprints.

摘要: Oxytocin is a nonapeptide involved in wide range of physiologic and behavioral functions. Until recently, it was believed that an unmodified oxytocin sequence present all placental mammals. This study analyzed (OXT) 29 primate species the receptor (OXTR) 21 these species. We report here three novel OXT forms New World monkeys, as well more extensive distribution previously described variant (Leu8Pro). In structural terms, OXTs share same low-energy conformations solution during molecular dynamic simulations, with subtle differences their side chains. A consistent signal positive selection detected Cebidae family, position 8 showed statistically significant (P = 0.013) correlation litter size. Several OXTR changes were identified, some them promoting gain or loss putative phosphorylation sites, possible consequences for internalization desensitization. amino acid sites are under selection, intramolecular intermolecular coevolutionary processes also detected. suggest monkey OXT-OXTR can be correlated to male parental care through increase cross-reactivity its vasopressin system.