Reactive oxygen species: friend or foe?

摘要: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an inevitable by-product of cellular metabolism. ROS generation can be associated with the interaction ionizing radiation biological molecules, and devoted enzymes in phagocytic cells (NADPH oxidase myeloperoxidase) or may result imbalance between radical generating scavenging systems. Typically have been consider as Pandora’s box, they several innovative physiological roles body. serve signalling messengers for activation transcription factors from cytokine–receptor interactions. This facilitates evolution membrane fusion spermatozoon oocyte during fertilization. NADPH enzyme nitric oxide (NO) function potent vasodilators immunity boosters. suggested prevalent regulators nuclear factors, including erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), kappa-B (NFκB) cells, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p53, which further cascades. Under conditions amount generated body counterbalanced by natural antioxidants However, aberrant augmented levels predominantly lead to various defined disorders comprising myocardial infarction, autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases emphysema. Ordinarily, it is observed that insubstantial compared their pathological action. But there a need clearly define line functions ROS. Of particular worth reveal beneficial responsibilities different pathways metabolic functions, over its injurious consequences.