SET domain-mediated lysine methylation in lower organisms regulates growth and transcription in hosts.

摘要: Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax (SET) domain–mediated lysine methylation, one of the major epigenetic marks, has been found to regulate chromatin-mediated gene transcription. Published studies have established further that methylation is not restricted nuclear proteins but involved in many cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, immune regulation, and cancer progression. The biological complexity emerges from its capacity cause activation or repression owing specific position methylated-lysine moieties on chromatin. Accumulating evidence suggests despite absence chromatin, viruses prokaryotes also express SET proteins, although their functional roles remain relatively less investigated. One possibility could be lower organisms more than function, for example, regulating growth manipulating host transcription machinery order establish infection. Thus, elucidating role an protein host–pathogen interactions requires a thorough understanding functions. This review discusses eukaryotes, as well underlying structural diversity proteins.