Bioprotective Alkaloids of Grass-Fungal Endophyte Symbioses

摘要: Symbiotic interactions of C3 grasses with fungal endophytes, Epichloe species and their asexual relatives Neotypkodium, often provide the grass hosts major fitness enhancements (for review, see Siegel Bush [1994]). The endophytes protect host plants from both biotic abiotic environmental stresses. Documented to include greater resistance mammalian insect herbivores, pathogens, nematodes, as well increased drought tolerance competitiveness. Our understanding mechanisms responsible for a11 these effects on is not established. However, antiherbivore are largely attributable accumulation four groups alkaloids: lolines, peramine, ergot alkaloids, lolitrems. objective this Update present current status knowledge focusing biological activities potential genetically manipulating expression in grasslendophyte symbiota.