Nitric Oxide: A Multitask Player in Plant–Microorganism Symbioses

摘要: Symbiosis is a close and often long-term interaction between two different biological organisms, i.e. plants or fungi microorganisms. Two main types of plant–microorganism interactions, mutualistic cooperative, have been categorized. Mutualistic including nitrogen-fixing mycorrhizal symbioses, refer to mostly obligate relationships host plant symbiont microorganism. Cooperative interactions correspond less specific relationships. They involve microorganisms, referred as growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR), able colonize root surface inner tissues. Lichens are symbiotic associations photosynthetic partners that may be Cyanobacteria green algae. Increasing evidence has reporting the presence nitric oxide (NO) during interactions. Most time, both microorganism participate in NO production catabolism. At early stage symbiosis, was shown potentially involved repression defence reactions, favouring establishment plant–microbe interaction. later stages inhibit nitrogen fixation, but it also demonstrated regulatory roles carbon metabolisms, play beneficial metabolic function for maintenance energy status under hypoxic conditions, cross-react with hormone reactive oxygen species pathways set-up senescence processes. The present review provides an overview many-faceted effects presents several tracks which appear particularly promising decipher symbioses.