mTOR-Dependent Cell Survival Mechanisms

摘要: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a conserved regulator cell growth, proliferation, and survival. In cells, mTOR the catalytic subunit two complexes called mTORC1 mTORC2, which have distinct upstream regulatory signals downstream substrates. directly senses cellular nutrient availability while indirectly sensing circulating nutrients through growth factor signaling pathways. Cellular stresses that restrict also impinge on activity. mTORC2 less well understood appears only to sense factors. As an integrator diverse signals, evolved be central hub for controlling metabolism energy homoeostasis, defects in are important pathologies cancer, diabetes, aging. Here we discuss mechanisms by each complex might regulate survival response metabolic other stresses.