Predicting and assessing dominance from size and coloration in the polychromatic midas cichlid

摘要: Abstract To test whether gold morphs dominate normal ones, twelve groups were observed, each consisting of three golds and normals paired by weight. Golds dominated comparable normals. Smaller also profited from sharing the colour dominant fish. Contest approach declined across days, but attack yield remained high. Standard deviation rank was progressively greater with higher rank, uncertainty plotted as an inverted U. Behaviours important in dominance showed high dependence on type fish low day; these behaviours had more variation attributable to coloration factor. From a set stated criteria, is deemed best assessed here index: (attacks) ļo (yields + attacks); contesting (threat) actually misleading.