Biological rhythms, endothelial health and cardiovascular disease.

摘要: The activity of several components the vascular system appears to be diurnally regulated. Endothelial cell activation, leukocyte and platelet interactions lipoprotein metabolism have all been shown vary with time day, but whether these variations are due endogenous circadian clock, exogenous factors, such as light-dark cycle, or an interaction between two remains determined. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation also varies diurnally. This rhythmicity is lost in individuals established coronary disease has occur early stages atherosclerosis. incidence events higher hours morning, this may related heightened autonomic nervous at time. Higher circulating levels catecholamines morning associated increased tone, affecting blood volume pressure. Time dependent particular significance for disrupted rhythms, including rotating shift workers, transmeridian travellers blind no light perception. Variations endothelial function observed during menstrual varying oestrogen levels. Oestrogen deficiency postmenopausal women contribute dysfunction, together other modifiable risk factors. absolute greater men than pre-menopausal women. Following menopause gender differences thought diminish, although controversial. review focuses on influence both biological rhythms environmental factors health human system.