Stop the Knowledge Flow: Knowledge Protection Intensity of MNC Subsidiaries

摘要: International knowledge spillovers, especially through multinational companies (MNCs), have recently been a major topic of academic and management debate. However, most studies treat MNC subsidiaries as relatively passive actors. We challenge this assumption by investigating the drivers protection intensity subsidiaries. argue that is determined subsidiary mandates opportunities risks originating from host region. hypothesize not just competence-creating but also competence-exploiting increase intensity. In addition, technological cluster regions in country can be expected to provide for sourcing may willing protect less intensively participate networks. test our hypotheses using dataset 694 observations 631 Germany develop recommendations research, managers policy makers.