Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic and Epigenetic Links.

摘要: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder predisposing to diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), which could lead heart failure through variety of mechanisms, including myocardial infarction chronic pressure overload. Pathogenetic mainly linked hyperglycemia sustained hyperinsulinemia, include changes in profiles, intracellular signaling pathways, energy production, redox status, increased susceptibility ischemia, extracellular matrix remodeling. The close relationship between type DM CVD has led the soil hypothesis, postulating that both conditions share genetic environmental factors influencing this association. However, although risk DM, such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, thrombophilia, can be identified majority affected patients, less known about how these influence conditions, so efforts are still needed for more comprehensive understanding relationship. genetic, epigenetic, backgrounds have been recently studied updated. underlying pathogenetic mechanisms seldom investigated within broader shared background, but rather specific context or CVD, separately. As precise pathophysiological links not entirely understood many aspects require elucidation, an integrated description influences involved concomitant development diseases paramount importance shed new light on interlinks CVD. This review addresses current knowledge overlapping epigenetic microRNAs long non-coding RNAs, whose abnormal regulation implicated either etiologically cause their progression. Understanding disorders may help drive future research toward approach provide directions field.