Mesenchymal-like glioma cells are enriched in the gelatin methacrylate hydrogels

摘要: Glioblastoma is the most lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Simplified two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and neurospheres vitro models fail to recapitulate complexity of microenvironment, limiting its ability predict therapeutic response. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffold-based have emerged as a promising alternative for addressing these concerns. One such 3D system gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels, which can be used modeling glioblastoma microenvironment. We characterized phenotype patient-derived glioma cells cultured GelMA hydrogels (3D-GMH) their tumorigenic properties using invasion chemoresponse assays. In addition, we integrated single-cell spatial transcriptome analysis compare 3D-GMH vivo. Finally, assessed tumor-immune interactions with macrophage infiltration assay cytokine array. show that develop mesenchymal-like cellular found perivascular hypoxic regions present core tumor, recruit macrophages by secreting cytokines contrast grown match infiltrative edge tumor.