High School Students with Learning Disabilities: Mathematics Instruction, Study Skills, and High Stakes Tests

摘要: ABSTRACT This article reviews characteristics of high school students with learning disabilities and presents instructional modifications study skills to help them succeed in algebra geometry courses on stakes mathematics assessments. INTRODUCTION Because recent legislation, including No Child Left Behind IDEA, as well the current inclusion trend for placement mild disabilities, many specific (LD) will be taking general education rather than special classroom. It is an appropriate because LD need these graduate from a college preparatory curriculum, admitted post secondary programs, have pre-requisite level mathematics. challenge, however, pass particularly related tests that may involved. The purposes this are review typical frequently interfere success then present strategies succeed. These ideas, cases, valuable other class well. CHARACTERISTICS In addition deficits, majority exhibit academic problems which significantly affect their performance mathematics, especially at level. McNamara stated, example, below average all measures (2007). Specifically, reading can textbook assignments. For chapter quadratic functions, able read understand complicated vocabulary such conjugate complex number, rationalizing denominator, principal square root. Writing deficits classroom practice homework assignments; writing find geometric proofs paragraph format extremely challenging. Oral language make it difficult lectures also respond questions orally explaining methods finding interior angles or translation rotation. Students processing problems, difficulties interpreting understanding what they see hear. Visual visual spatial common (Bender, 2008) performance. student constructions illustrations; diagrams segments, points, planes, parallel lines, vertical lines; confusion illustrations three dimensional figures. Auditory hand, teacher explanations algebraic procedures solving systems linear equations using graphs, substitution methods, combinations. Memory LD, challenging (Lerner & Johns, 2009). basic multiplication facts still not memorized, trouble remembering steps order dividing rational expressions formulas midpoints rules congruence geometry. Organizational attention settings even more 2009; Sabomie deBetten court, 2004). often require long term projects applications extended due dates. …