Temporal biodiversity change in transformed landscapes: a southern African perspective

摘要: Landscape transformation by humans is virtually ubiquitous, with several suggestions being made that the world's biomes should now be classified according to extent and nature of this transformation. Even those areas are thought have a relatively limited human footprint experienced substantial biodiversity change. This true both marine terrestrial systems southern Africa, region high including large conservation areas. Global change drivers had effects across many levels biological hierarchy as demonstrated in review, which focuses on systems. Interactions among drivers, such between climate invasion, changing fire regimes complicating attribution management thereof. Likewise CO2 fertilization having much larger impact than perhaps commonly acknowledged. Temporal changes biodiversity, seeming failure institutional attempts address them, underline growing polarization world views, hampering efforts urgent needs.