CD44 variant 9 expression as a predictor for gastric cancer recurrence: immunohistochemical and metabolomic analysis of surgically resected tissues.

摘要: CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9) and the heavy chain of 4F2 cell-surface antigen (CD98hc) appear important for regulation reactive oxygen species defence tumor growth in gastric cancer. This study examined roles CD44v9 CD98hc as markers cancer recurrence, investigated associations with energy metabolism. We applied capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry to metabolome profiling specimens from 103 patients who underwent resection no residual or microscopic tumor, compared metabolite levels immunohistochemical staining CD98hc. Positive expression rates were 40.7% 42.7% Various characteristics significantly associated expression. Five-year recurrence-free survival rate was lower CD44v9-positive tumors (39.1%) than CD44v9-negative (73.5%; P < 0.0001), but significant differences seen according Uni- multivariate analyses identified positive an independent predictor poorer survival. Metabolome analysis 110 metabolites found that glutathione disulfide reduced (GSH)/ (GSSG) ratio higher tumors, suggesting may enhance pentose phosphate pathway flux maintain GSH cells.