WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: Diverse functions of DNA methylation: implications for prostate cancer and beyond

作者: Thomas J Sweet , Angela H Ting

DOI: 10.1530/ERC-16-0306

关键词:

摘要: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide. Current clinical screening ensures that prostate cancers are diagnosed while still organ confined, but disease outcome highly variable. Thus, a better understanding molecular features contributing to aggressiveness being sought. For many cancers, aberrant genome-wide patterns cytosine DNA methylation CpG dinucleotides distinguish tumor from normal tissue and contribute progression by altering transcriptome. In cancer, recent genomic studies identified high grade-specific differential gene promoters, bodies, 3' ends at distal regulatory elements. Using examples developmental systems, we will discuss how each these contexts can transcriptome diversity modulating transcription initiation, alternative start site selection, pre-mRNA splicing polyadenylation. Alternative transcripts same often exhibit altered protein-coding potential, translatability, stability and/or localization. All have functional consequences cells. future work, it be important determine if abnormalities modify through some or all mechanisms methylation-mediated alterations impact tumorigenesis aggressiveness.

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