Social systems and social engineering: Niklas Luhmann

摘要: This chapter introduces a number of concepts from Niklas Luhmann’s social systems theory as they relate to innovation, transition and management. An understanding ideas on innovation steering is essential grasp Luhmannian view system Two levels analysis are developed. The first level centres the political system, pushing trying manage transition, while second focuses organisations their attempts innovate. Luhmann eminently useful in relating two thus laying groundwork for transition. development Dutch discourse engineering management since 1990s serves illustrate apply perspective. Finally, argues that modernist notions pervading governance overestimate role governmental actors underestimate other sources systemic could be labeled ‘transition’.