Importance of orthotopic implantation for human tumors as model systems: relevance to metastasis and invasion

摘要: Transplantation of human tumors into immunodeficient athymic nude mice has become an important experimental approach to study the biology and treatment cancer. Most tumor xenograft experiments have employed subcutaneous injection procedures, but main limit this technique is lack metastasis from site. The possibility producing by intravenous cells in animals been known for a long time, it recently reported that tumorigenic properties metastatic ability cancer can be altered transplantation its organ or tissue origin recipient (orthotopic transplantation). In paper we review (1) principal techniques orthotopic most solid tumors, (2) recent achieve metastases, (3) methods preparing cell suspensions surgical specimens suitable animals. These animal models should used more appropriate evaluation new antitumor treatments including ones targeted inhibit spread.