Fungal diversity, incidence and mycotoxin contamination in grapes from two agro-climatic Spanish regions with emphasis onAspergillusspecies

摘要: BACKGROUND Fourteen vineyards from two different agro-climatic regions in Spain were sampled consecutive years order to determinate the grape mycobiota and diversity indexes with final aim define potential mycotoxigenic species both their relationship. RESULTS The most common fungal genera encountered Aspergillus (30.0%), Alternaria (53.2%), Cladosporium (11.9%) Penicillium (2.9%). Black aspergilli presence hotter region (south) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than northeast years. Among black aspergilli, A. tubingensis seemed be better adapted environmental conditions, while carbonarius main potentially ochratoxigenic years, owing relevant percentage of isolates. Ochratoxin A (OTA)-positive musts only detected southern vineyards, although contamination always lower 0.1 µg L−1. Finally, none tested produced fumonisins (FBs) on Czapek yeast extract agar (CYA), 63% niger FB2 when inoculated CYA20S, reaching 100% isolates south. CONCLUSION Climate change scenarios Europe point an increase temperature drought. This could promote particularly such as niger, decreasing OTA risk, but this lead presence. © 2014 Society Chemical Industry