Occurrence of 26 Mycotoxins in the Grain of Cereals Cultivated in Poland.

摘要: The levels of 26 mycotoxins were determined in 147 samples the grain cereals cultivated five regions Poland during 2014 growing season. HPLC-HRMS (time-of-flight) analytical technique was used. An procedure to simultaneously determine developed, tested and verified. Samples from eastern southern more contaminated with than northern western Poland. Toxins produced by Fusarium fungi main contaminants found. Some deoxynivalenol (DON) found 100% wheat (Osiny, Borusowa, Werbkowice), triticale, winter barley oats, while maximum permissible DON level (as defined EU Commission Regulation No. 1881/2006) exceeded 10 samples. Zearalenone (ZEN), metabolites enniatins also commonly presence reflected prevailing weather conditions plant flowering/earing stages, which favorable for development blight. Among all investigated genotypes, cv. Fidelius least contaminated, Bamberka, Forkida Kampana most contaminated. However, single-factor ANOVA analysis variance did not reveal (at a statistical significance α = 0.05) any differences between individual genotypes. Triticale among varieties. ZEN, sum 3-acetyldexynivalenol 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3- 15-ADON) triticale at concentrations within 4–86, 196–1326 36–374 µg·kg−1 range, respectively. Of particular concern fact that some “emerging mycotoxins” (enniatins) (in addition commonly-known legally-regulated mycotoxins) (enniatin B (Enn-B), enniatin B1 (Enn-B1), A-1 (Enn-A1), samples, A (Enn-A), 70% samples). Depending on toxin, they 8 3328 µg·kg−1.