Mitochondrial DNA and trade data support multiple origins of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Brazil.

摘要: The Old World bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is now established in Brazil but efforts to identify incursion origin(s) and pathway(s) have met with limited success due the patchiness of available data. Using international agricultural/horticultural commodity trade data mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I (COI) b (Cyt b) gene markers, we inferred origins pathways into Brazil. We detected 20 mtDNA haplotypes from six Brazilian states, eight which were new our 97 global COI-Cyt haplotype database. Direct sequence matches indicated five had Asian, African, European origins. identified 45 parsimoniously informative sites multiple substitutions per site within concatenated (945 bp) nucleotide dataset, implying that probabilistic phylogenetic analysis methods are needed. High diversity signatures uniquely shared diverse localities combined suggested incursions introduction Increasing activities between New Worlds represents a significant biosecurity risk factor. Identifying pest will enable resistance profiling reflects countries origin be included when developing management strategy, while identifying improve protocols at hotspots including national ports.