Quasispecies Spatial Models for RNA Viruses with Different Replication Modes and Infection Strategies

摘要: Empirical observations and theoretical studies suggest that viruses may use different replication strategies to amplify their genomes, which impact the dynamics of mutation accumulation in viral populations therefore, fitness virulence. Similarly, during natural infections, replicate infect cells are rarely suspension but spatially organized. Surprisingly, most quasispecies models virus have ignored these two phenomena. In order study characteristics, we developed stochastic cellular automata simulate modes (geometric vs stamping machine) for replicating spreading on a two-dimensional space. Furthermore, explored considering epistatic landscapes (antagonistic synergistic) scenarios cell-to-cell spread, one with free superinfection another inhibition. We found master sequences geometrically antagonistic effects vanished at low critical rates. By contrast, highest rate was observed synergistic landscape. Our simulations also showed machine epistasis, combination appears be common among plant viruses, further increased robustness by inhibiting superinfection. shown mode strongly influenced linkage between loci, rapidly reached equilibrium increasing mutations geometric replication. strategy minimized time required spread over whole space epistasis mutations. Finally, our revealed multiplicity infection fluctuated generically along time.