A cryptic species of Onchocerca (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) in blackflies (Simulium spp.) from southern California, USA.

摘要: Entomological surveillance for pathogens based on molecular screening of putative arthropod vectors such as blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) is becoming increasingly important. Surveillance provides a means to understand host and geographical patterns underestimated biodiversity among North American species Onchocerca pathway identify track expanding emergence the zoonotic lupi. Herein, we have screened two blackfly species, Simulium tescorum vittatum (s.l.), from Los Angeles County, southern California, USA DNA filarioid nematodes better richness limits within genus Onchocerca. A total 1056 378 female was collected using CO2-baited mosquito traps March November 2015 2016, respectively. All during were individually processed extraction PCR targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mitochondrial (mtDNA). Specimens S. in 2016 with heads bodies extracted separately, whereas those (s.l.) pooled samples separately. subset filarioid-positive all NADH dehydrogenase 5 (nad5) gene In 2015, 356 (33.7%) 683 (64.7%) collected, an additional 17 specimens not assessed morphologically. collected. Of these, 43 (11.6%) 327 (88.4%) 8 sequences detected 4.8% (n = 17) samples, only one (0.15%). single pool positive same cryptic species. phylogenetic comparisons nad5, California formed clade isolates white-tailed deer upstate New York, suggesting these belong widespread An uncharacterized associated cervid hosts found California. Sequence data demonstrated it likely conspecific unnamed previously York. Current support recognition broad distribution across America apparently that discrete O. cervipedis, considered be typical cervids. Our suggest this may infect subspecies (Odocoileus virginianus), mule black-tailed hemionus) at temporal latitudes. The (presumably, tribulatum) are vectors. Discovery complex indicates diversity associations definitive must reassessed.