Biochemistry of Mammalian Pigmentation: Enzymatic Regulation of Melanogenesis

摘要: This article covers a biochemical approach to melanogenesis. It is divided into four parts: The first two parts are general description of melanogenesis and the structure intermediates pathway. types melanin, eumelanin phaeomelanin, described. third part devoted properties tyrosinase, main enzyme last own our contribution knowledge melanogenesis, characterization dopachrome tautomerase, its properties, role 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) versus 5,6-dihydroxyindole- 2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) in regulation eumelanogenesis. shown that melanin biosynthesis complex pathway whose not as simple was thought few years ago. well-known oxidation tyrosine dopaquinone. Tyrosinase key at these stages, but level dopa crucial, since hydroxylation greatly depends on this co-factor. Dopaquinone switch point form (absence glutathione) or phaeomelanin (presense thiol compound). In eumelanogenesis pathway, also an important intermediate. Although it for many yielded through DHI, now well established tautomerase catalyzes tautomerization DHICA. indole much more stable than can be incorporated polymer. distal phase should pointed out new aspect control.