Getting into the brain: approaches to enhance brain drug delivery.

摘要: Being the most delicate organ of body, brain is protected against potentially toxic substances by blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts entry pharmaceuticals into brain. The developmental process for new drugs treatment CNS disorders has not kept pace with progress in molecular neurosciences because discovered are unable to cross BBB. clinical failure drug delivery may be attributed largely a lack appropriate systems. Localized and controlled at their desired site action preferred it reduces toxicity increases efficiency. present review provides an insight some recent advances made field delivery.The various strategies that have been explored increase include (i) chemical systems, such as lipid-mediated transport, prodrug approach lock-in system; (ii) biological re-engineered BBB via specific endogenous transporters localized within capillary endothelium; (iii) disruption BBB, example modification tight junctions, causes transient permeability capillaries; (iv) use Trojan horses, peptidomimetic monoclonal antibodies transport large molecules (e.g. antibodies, recombinant proteins, nonviral gene medicines or RNA interference drugs) across BBB; (v) particulate carrier Receptor-mediated systems exist certain peptides, insulin transferrin, enabling these vivo.The polymers local greatly expanded spectrum available diseases, malignant tumours Alzheimer's disease. In addition, liposomes, microspheres, nanoparticles, nanogels bionanocapsules) used enhance Recently, microchips biodegradable become important tumour therapy.The intense search alternative routes intranasal delivery, convection-enhanced diffusion intrathecal/intraventricular systems) driven need overcome physiological barriers achieve high concentrations For more than 30 years, considerable efforts therapeutic vascular CNS. current challenge develop will allow passage through safe effective manner.