Paravertebral analgesia for cardiac surgery

摘要: High-quality analgesia following cardiac surgery is infrequently obtained. Pain management seldom a priority in the immediate postoperative care of these patients, who frequently require mechanical ventilation an intensive environment. These patients may be physiologically unstable, and attention to hemostasis cardiopulmonary stability usually more concern initial phases their care. Nevertheless, there are several compelling physiological, psychological, humanitarian reasons that good pain relief should offered patients. The misguided perception not painful, valid concerns many have regarding side effects opioid as well potential risks thoracic epidural contribute “oligoanalgesia” patient recovering from surgery. evolution minimally invasive increasing clinical complexity providing impetus explore safe effective analgesic techniques this domain. role paravertebral blockade has been extensively investigated. At best, literature date form isolated case reports observational studies. As such, meaningful review topic can offer little than commentary discussion. However, established general, it confers some theoretical advantages over both conventional parenteral therapy for