Formulation of host-targeted therapeutics against bacterial infections.

摘要: The global burden of bacterial infections is rising due to increasing resistance the majority first-line antibiotics, rendering these drugs ineffective against several clinically important pathogens. Limited transport antibiotics into cells compounds this problem for gram-negative bacteria that exhibit prominent intracellular lifecycles. Furthermore, poor bioavailability in infected tissues necessitates higher doses and longer treatment regimens treat resistant infections. Although emerging can combat problems, still may develop over time. Expanding knowledge host-pathogen interactions has inspired research development host-directed therapies (HDTs). HDTs target host-cell machinery critical pathogenesis alone or as adjunctive with traditional antibiotics. Unlike directly affect bacteria, a function by boosting endogenous antimicrobial activity are consequently less prone tolerance induced selection pressure. Therefore, be quite effective cytosolic vacuolar which unable eradicate. However, vivo therapeutic efficacy reliant on adequate bioavailability. Particle-based formulations demonstrate potential enable targeted drug delivery, enhance cellular uptake, increase concentration host cell HDTs. This review selected pathogens, identifies formulation strategies improve their offers insights toward further