Context-dependent neuronal differentiation and germ layer induction of Smad4-/- and Cripto-/- embryonic stem cells.
作者： Kai-Christian Sonntag , Rabi Simantov , Lars Björklund , Oliver Cooper , Jan Pruszak
DOI: 10.1016/J.MCN.2004.06.003
关键词:
摘要: Activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors typically elicits mesodermal development, whereas inhibition this pathway induces neural fates. In vitro differentiated mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with deletion the TGF-β pathway-related factors Smad4 or Cripto exhibited increased numbers neurons. Cripto−/− ES developed into neuroecto-/epidermal cell types, while Smad4−/− also displayed differentiation. differentiation catecholaminergic neurons showed that these retained their ability to develop dopaminergic and serotonergic typical expression patterns midbrain hindbrain genes. vivo, transplanted striatum became small neuronal grafts, large grafts types from all germ layers independent genotype. This demonstrates favor a fate in vitro, but express phenotype, implying either is not sufficient block nonneuronal tissue formation.
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