Coevolution of the Monogenoidea (Platyhelminthes) based on a revised hypothesis of parasite phylogeny

摘要: A revised hypothesis for the phylogeny of Subclass Polyonchoinea (Monogenoidea) was constructed employing phylogenetic systematics. The Acanthocotylidae (formerly Order Capsalidea) is transferred to Gyrodactylidea based on this analysis. new used determine coevolutionary relationships familial taxa Monogenoidea with their hosts. analysis suggests that apparently underwent sympatric speciation or dispersal while parasitic ancestral Gnathostomata, resulting in two primary clades: and Oligonchoinea + Polystomatoinea. parasite clades cospeciated independently divergence Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes. In Polyonchoinea, clade associated experienced extinction within Holocephala, but coevolved into Loimoidae Monocotylidae Galeomorphii Squalea (Elasmobranchii), respectively. Within Osteichthyes, polyonchoineans Sarcopterygii, Polypteriformes Acipenseriformes. They demonstrate from Neopterygii (as Amphibdellatinea), Actinistia Neodactylodiscinea) Urodela Lagarocotylidea). Secondary dispersals occurred Gyrodactylidae Polypteriformes, Anura; Myxinoidea Squalea; Capsalidae Acipenseriformes Elasmobranchii; Holocephala. Polystomatoinea developed upon Oligonchoineans Chondrichthyes, Chimaericolidea developing Holocephala ancestor Diclybothriidea Mazocraeidea Elasmobranchii. Two cases clade: Diclybothriidae mazocraeidean families (both Osteichthyes). includes host switching common Callorhynchocotyle (Hexabothriidae) Polystomatoineans extinctions Actinopterygii, Actinistia, Dipnoi Amniota. Coevolution Sphyranuridae Polystomatidae Anura, Polystomatids Urodela, Amniota suggested. preliminary secondary polystomatids may not be necessary explain extant distributions, since Concinnocotyla (Concinnocotylinae) appears represent sister taxon remaining Sphyranuridae.