Greenland ice sheet mass balance: a review

摘要: Over the past quarter of a century Arctic has warmed more than any other region on Earth, causing profound impact Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) and its contribution to rise in global sea level. The loss can be partitioned into processes related surface mass balance discharge, which are forced by internal or external (atmospheric/oceanic/basal) fluctuations. Regardless measurement method, observations over last two decades show an increase rate, associated with speeding up glaciers enhanced melting. However, both discharge melt-induced losses exhibit rapid short-term fluctuations that, when extrapolated future, could yield erroneous long-term trends. In this paper we review GrIS combining satellite altimetry, airborne interferometry, aerial photographs gravimetry data sets together modelling studies. We revisit different sectors that they manifest quite sensitivities atmospheric oceanic forcing. addition, discuss recent progress constructing coupled ice-ocean-atmosphere models required project realistic future sea-level changes.