Probability Information in Risk Communication: A Review of the Research Literature

摘要: Communicating probability information about risks to the public is more difficult than might be expected. Many studies have examined this subject, so that their resulting recommendations are scattered over various publications, diverse research fields, and different presentation formats. An integration of empirical findings in one review would useful therefore describe evidence base for communication present can made far. We categorized following formats: frequencies, percentages, rates proportions, absolute relative risk reduction, cumulative probabilities, verbal information, numerical versus graphs, ladders. suggest several these Based on results our review, we show effects format depend not only type format, but also context which used. argue has strongest effect when receiver processes heuristically instead systematically. conclude future practitioners should concentrate situation message presented, as may predict how people process influence interpretation risk.