X-Ray Flares of Sun-Like Young Stellar Objects and Their Effects on Protoplanetary Disks

摘要: Astronomical observations of flares from analogs the early Sun have potential to give critical insights into high energy irradiation environment protoplanetary disks. Solar-mass young stellar objects are significantly more X-ray luminous than typical low-mass T Tauri star. They undergo frequent strong flaring on a several day time scale. Very powerful also occur, but longer frame. The hard spectrum these stars become even harder during flaring. X-rays sun-like ionize circumstellar material out large distances. Three specific illustrations given effects X-rays: physics and chemistry atmospheres inner accretion disks; ionization level at disk midplane, important for viability magnetorotational instability; nuclear fluence in zone just interior edge disk, local scenarios producing short-lived radionuclides found meteorites.