Primary Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter

摘要: Tumors of the renal pelvis are relatively rare in comparison to neoplasms that arise from parenchyma. In general, they comprise 7%–8% all malignant tumors (Bloom et al. 1970; Lucke and Schlumberger 1957). However, significant variation geographic distribution has been noted. Yugoslavia particularly, where an extremely high frequency was found, association with endemic nephropathy appears be well established (Petkovic 1975). Some environmental factors associated bladder cancer, i.e., cigarette smoking, probably coffee drinking, work leather, also related cancer ureter (Armstrong 1976; Schmauz Cole 1974). Prolonged abuse phenacetin linked development pelvic ureteric affecting predominantly female population certain countries Johansson Wahlquist 1977). The average age patients varies between 60 70 years ratio incidence males versus females is approximately 2:1. A familial form multiple transitional cell carcinomas described recently (Gittes 1978).