Feeding, reproduction and toxin accumulation by the copepods Acartia bifilosa and Eurytemora affinis in the presence of the toxic cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena

摘要: Feeding, reproduction and accumulation of cyanobacterial toxins by the calanoid copepods Acartia bifilosa Eurytemora affinis were studied during a cruise in northern Baltic Sea. The experiments carried out using both mixtures natural plankton communities, containing toxic Nodularia spumigena, diets only cyanobacterium. Both copepod species had high survival fed actively on N. as single food source when offered mixtures. Feeding spumigena resulted detection nodularin equivalents animals. However, there was negative relationship between gross growth efficiency accumulated toxins, which indicates that quality not ideal, possibly related to metabolic cost cope with ingested toxins. Overall low egg production rates hatching success A. seawater suggested food-limited environment. presence Brachiomonas submarina combination enhanced production, but success. Egg affected increasing concentrations diet. Instead, lack seemed be more important factor. Similar responses E. populations from sites different history toxin occurrence suggest tolerance has evolved This been guaranteed genetic exchange 2 populations. These results is directly harmful if an alternative available, even though sustained Moreover, might act link transporting higher trophic levels, very small fraction estimated found animals, therefore relative importance this pathway seems limited.