Pyridines and their Benzo Derivatives: Reactivity at the Ring

摘要: This chapter covers the general reactivity of pyridines and their benzo derivatives at ring atoms heterocycle. Topics include reactions nitrogen carbons. At nitrogen, salt formation, halogenation, N-oxidation, acylation, carbene additions are covered. Reactions carbon proceed through electrophilic, nucleophilic, free radical attack. These types bond-forming transformations nitration, sulfonation, diazo coupling, oxidation, alkylation, arylation, addition heteroatom nucleophiles, metal-catalyzed couplings. The topics last section thermal photochemical those involving cyclic transition states. ring-expansion ring-opening quinolyl isoquinolyl nitrenes, thermolysis pyridylbenzotriazole, Diels–Alder 2-pyridones, [4+4] photocycloaddition photolysis pyridinium salts to afford bicyclic aziridines. organization generally follows that used in Chapter 5.02 CHEC-II(1996) except cross-coupling have been added. literature period 1996–2006.