The use of an integrated molecular-, chemical- and biological-based approach for promoting the better use and conservation of medicinal species: A case study of Brazilian quinas

摘要: Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Quina is a popular name originally attributed to Cinchona pubescens Vahl (=Cinchona succirubra) and Cinchona. calisaya Wedd., species native from Peru that have the antimalarial alkaloid quinine. In Brazil, bitter barks substitutes for Peruvian began be used centuries ago, they still are sold in markets. To assess authenticity conditions on which samples of quinas been commercialized, using DNA barcode, chemical biological assays. Materials methods Starting with 28 acquired market, 23 had their extracted successfully. The regions matK rbcL were amplified sequenced 15 samples, respectively. Phytochemical analyses performed by chromatographic methods, essays done tests vitro. Results identified belonged six different families, many them endangered or no correlation use traditional medicine as Brazilian quina. absence typical substances indicated collected other very young trees. results confirm lack standardization materials. Conclusion integrated approaches proved efficient evaluate medicinal plants markets can useful promoting better conservation.