MDA-9/Syntenin: An emerging global molecular target regulating cancer invasion and metastasis.

摘要: Abstract With few exceptions, metastasis is the terminal stage of cancer with limited therapeutic options. Metastasis consists numerous phenotypic and genotypic alterations cells that are directly indirectly induced by multiple intrinsic (cellular) extrinsic (micro-environmental) factors. To metastasize, a cell often transitions from an epithelial to mesenchymal morphology (EMT), modifies extracellular matrix, forms emboli survives in circulation, escapes immune surveillance, adheres sites distant initial tumor finally develops blood supply (angiogenesis) colonizes secondary niche (a micrometastasis). Scientific advances have greatly enhanced our understanding precise molecular genetic changes, operating independently or collectively, lead metastasis. This review focuses on unique gene, melanoma differentiation associated gene-9 (also known as Syntenin-1; Syndecan Binding Protein (sdcbp); mda-9/syntenin), initially cloned characterized metastatic human shown be pro-metastatic gene. In last two decades, comprehension diversity actions MDA-9/Syntenin cellular phenotype has emerged. MDA-9/Sytenin plays pivotal regulatory roles signaling cascades orchestrates both non-metastatic events. Considering relevance this gene controlling invasion metastasis, approaches been developed uniquely selectively target We also provide recent updates strategies successfully employed targeting resulting profound pre-clinical anti-cancer activity.