Ischaemic preconditioning protects against ischaemia/reperfusion injury: emerging concepts.

摘要: Abstract Introduction Ischaemic preconditioning (IP) has emerged as a powerful method of ameliorating ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury to the myocardium. This review investigates whether this phenomenon is universally applicable in modulating I/R other tissues. Methods A Medline search was conducted identify both animal and human studies that described IP-induced protection from variety non-cardiac organ systems. Particular emphasis placed on elucidation underlying physiological concepts. Results conclusions IP utilises endogenous mechanisms skeletal muscle, liver, lung, kidney, intestine brain models convey varying degrees injury. To date there are few studies, but recent reports suggest lung muscle acquire similar after IP. Specifically, preconditioned tissues exhibit reduced energy requirements, altered metabolism, better electrolyte homeostasis genetic re-organisation, giving rise concept ‘ischaemia tolerance’. also induces ‘reperfusion tolerance’ with less reactive oxygen species activated neutrophils released, apoptosis microcirculatory perfusion compared non-preconditioned tissue. Systemic diminished by preconditioning. ubiquitous more research required fully translate these findings clinical arena.