Active microelectronic chip devices which utilize controlled electrophoretic fields for multiplex DNA hybridization and other genomic applications

摘要: Microelectronic DNA chip devices that contain planar arrays of microelectrodes have been developed for multiplex hybridization and a variety genomic research diagnostic applications. These are able to produce almost any desired electric field configuration on their surface. This ability well-defined fields allows charged molecules (DNA, RNA, proteins, enzymes, antibodies, nanobeads, even micron scale semiconductor devices) be electrophoretically transported or from microlocation the surface device. Of key importance device function is permeation layer which overcoats microelectrodes. The generally porous hydrogel material water small ions (Na+, CI-, etc.) freely contact microelectrode surface, but impedes transport larger analytes (oligonucleotides, DNA, etc.). prevents destruction at active ameliorates adverse effects electrolysis products sensitive reactions, serves as support structure attaching probes other array. In order maintain rapid molecules, facilitate hybridization, work within constrained current voltage ranges, low conductance buffers various electronic pulsing scenarios also developed. microelectronic array allow electrophoretic used carry out accelerated reactions improve selectivity single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), short tandem repeat (STR), point mutation analysis.