Trophallactic activities in the honeybee brood nest – Heaters get supplied with high performance fuel

摘要: Abstract Honeybees actively regulate their brood temperature by heating between 33 and 36 °C if ambient temperatures are lower. Heat is generated vibrating the flight muscles. Heating rapidly depletes worker's internal energy; therefore performance limited honey that ingested before process. Stored predefined fuel for flying heating, but it stored at a distance from broodcomb, causing potential logistic problem of efficient energy supply in area. Our study focused on behaviour thoracic participants trophallactic food exchanges broodcomb. We found 85.5% recipients exchange have higher during feeding contacts than donors after contact former engage more often. The donor bees lower shuttle constantly stores broodcomb where they transfer to bees. Providing heat-emitting workers with small doses high contributes an economic distribution resources consistent physiological conditions ecological requirements hive. trophallaxis-based system essential provide energy-intensive warming activity. emerging independence not only beneficial rearing times sudden cold spells, also enables honeybees temperate regions raise early spring might be decisive factor occurrence climates general.